cidofovir

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Trade Name(s): Cidofovir
Group 2: Non-Antineoplastic Hazardous AHFS Class: Nucleosides and Nucleotides
Formweb: cidofovir
Info Links: Chemotherapy Extravasation Policy
Administration:
Injectable (IV/IM/SQ)
HandlingGloves
(ASTM D6978)
Gown
(Fluid resistant, ASTM rated)
Eye/Face
Protection
MaskShoe
Covers
CSTDNotes/Instructions
Preparation at Bedside (Contact pharmacy)Gloves DoubleGownGoggles
for splash concerns
Place and prepare on a disposable chemo prep pad.
AdministrationGloves Double
GownGoggles
for splash concerns
Closed System Transfer
Deactivating, decontaminating,
cleaning, and disinfecting
Gloves DoubleWipe
Deactivate, decontaminate, clean, and disinfect area and equipment after use and between HazDs by wiping twice with Peridox® RTU and allow a 3-minute dwell time after the second wipe. Follow wiping with 70% Isopropyl Alcohol


Handling Spills 
Gloves DoubleGownGogglesMaskShoe CoversSpill KitFollow instructions on spill-kit package
PPE Disposal
 Trash Can
Drug DisposalReference EPIC for Regulated/RCRA waste code for Ochsner Health Medication/Waste Handling Guide for disposal of HazDs.

Ochsner HD Handling PPE Guide

Patient Care Activities:
Handling Patient Bodily Fluids (OH)
HandlingGloves
(ASTM D6978)
Gown
(Fluid resistant, ASTM rated)
Eye/Face
Protection
Shoe
Covers
MaskNotes/Instructions
Patient Care Activities -
Urine, feces, sweat, or vomit
Gloves DoubleGownGoggles
for concerns
of splash
Shoe Covers
for concerns
of splash

Ochsner HD Handling PPE Guide

Hazardous Waste Guide (OH)

Reference EPIC for Regulated/RCRA waste code or Ochsner Health Medication Waste Guide.

Medication regulated by RCRA will be identified with a waste disposal code on the MAR or EHR. Waste codes include BKC, PBKC, SP, SPC, SPO, SPLP, CHEMO, DEA

CodeNotes/InstructionsContainer
BKCNurse shall dispose in appropriately labeled BLACK BKC containerBlack Bin
CHEMO

Nurse/pharmacy shall place chemo waste in either a YELLOW trace chemo container or a BLACK “Bulk” chemo waste container.
  • BLACK container labeled for BULK CHEMO waste shall be utilized for chemotherapy waste with residual of 3% or more drug remaining. All chemotherapy is considered regulated/RCRA by EPA/RCRA and USP 800 regulations. Waste vendor picks up.
  • Yellow “Trace” Chemo containers are ordered through Lawson and picked up by the vendor or the department with responsibility for biohazard waste in each facility (along with regulated medical waste, red sharps, and non-regulated Rx waste). Containers shall be used for “empty” chemotherapy vials, IV bags, syringes, along with any material used during the preparation, administration and handling of the chemotherapy, including all personal protective equipment (PPE).

Black Bin

Yellow Bin
DEAControlled substance medication waste shall be placed in "Cactus" system, or in "RxDestroyer" system.Cactus Sink Stericycle
PBKCNurse shall place package/wrapper of medication in a zipper sealed bag, then dispose in appropriately labeled BLACK PBKC container in facilities where PBKC container is available. Until available, nurse shall send bag back to the pharmacy for disposal. 
  • *Off site clinics do not return pharmaceutical waste to pharmacy
  • Arsenic Trioxide (Trisenox) vials, IV bags, tubing, syringes and other materials used in preparation and administration shall be disposed of a segregated "PBKC" listed waste in 8-gallon black waste containers and labels provided by hazardous waste vendor. **Under NO circumstances can arsenic trioxide be combined with other hazardous waste**
Examples of P-listed waste: Coumadin, Warfarin, Nicotine patches and their packaging

Black Bin
SPNurse shall place the aerosol/inhaler in a zipper sealed bag and send to pharmacy for disposal in appropriately labeled BLACK container.
  • Off site clinics to not return pharmaceutical waste to pharmacy
PHARMACY
SPCNurse shall place corrosive in zipper sealed bag and send to pharmacy for disposal in appropriately labeled BLACK SPC container.
  • *Off-site locations do not return pharmaceutical waste to pharmacy
PHARMACY
SPONurse shall place oxidizer in a zipper sealed bag and send to pharmacy for disposal in appropriately labeled BLACK SPO container.
  • *Off-site locations do not return pharmaceutical waste to pharmacy.
PHARMACY
SPLPNurse shall place SPLP waste in a zipper sealed bag and send to pharmacy for disposal in appropriately labeled BLACK SPLP container.
  • *Off-site locations do not return pharmaceutical waste to pharmacy.
PHARMACY
No waste code
(ON site)
Shall be disposed of in a BLUE pharmaceutical waste container, with the exception of off-site provider-based clinics and freestanding emergency departments which shall use only black pharmaceutical waste containers.
Facility based (on-site) clinics may use containers in the same manner as inpatient. 
Blue Bin
No waste code
(OFF-site)
OFF-site provider-based clinics and freestanding emergency departments which shall use only black pharmaceutical waste containers.Black Bin
Disposal DeterminationNotes/InstructionsContainer
Non-chemo medication packages
containing less than 3% of the pharmaceutical
Shall be considered “empty” and shall be disposed of in regular trash containers or BLUE non-regulated Rx waste containers. Trash Can

Blue Bin
Medications and/or medication
containers (vials, ampoules, cups, IV bags) with 3% or more than 3% medication remaining
Shall be disposed of in pharmaceutical waste containers indicated by the EPIC system, or in Pyxis and shall appear on the medication labels printed by pharmacy. Drug Specific
Empty sharpsShall be disposed of in RED sharps containers.Red Bin
Sharps with medicationShall be disposed of in a BLACK 2-gallon sharps containerBlack Bin
Free flowing liquids or pharmaceutical packages with the potential to leakShall be placed in a zipper sealed bag prior to disposal in designated pharmaceutical waste containerDrug
Specific

Regulated/RCRA Pharmaceutical Waste Disposal

Ochsner Health Medication/Waste Handling Guide


Receiving and Storage:
Group 2 & 3 (OH)
HandlingGloves
(ASTM D6978)
Gown
(Fluid resistant, ASTM rated)
Shoe Covers
(white polyethylene)
Mask
(N95)
Eye/FaceNotes/Instructions
ReceivingGloves Doubleunpack using same procedures as non-HazDs
Storage
  • May be stored with non-hazardous inventory
  • May be stored in pharmacy carousel
  • Stored n resealable clear plastic bags or in bins identified by blue HazD labels or stickers.
  • HazDs may be stored in automated dispensing machine (bins shall be identified by yellow (chemotherapy, cytotoxic) hazardous drug or blue HazD labels or stickers
  • OHS.PHARM.SOP.055 USP 800: Storage
Storage waiting for patient pickup
*Retail/Specialty Only
Drugs shall be stored in a resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or stickers. Use additional pharmacy paper bag if needed for delivery to patient.
Prepackaging area(s)Gloves DoubleGownShoe Covers
if in negative pressure room



Goggles
if concerns for splash
  • Automated Repackaging equipment shall not be used for repackaging HazDs.  Manually prepack and count in a designated area with dedicated equipment. Prepacking in negative pressure room within a powder containment hood is preferred. 
  • Prepacking in negative pressure room within a powder containment hood is preferred.
  • If prepackaging in a neutral pressure area, reasonable efforts should be made to minimize the production of powder/dust and aerosolization of any particulate, as well as any residual dust present in the tray. Only the number or tablets/pills/capsules necessary to accomplish the task should be emptied from the bottle into the tray.
  • Deactivate, decontaminate, clean, and disinfect area and equipment after use and between HazDs.
Handling SpillGloves DoubleGownShoe CoversMaskGogglesSpill Kit Follow instructions on spill kit package.
Deactivating, decontaminating, cleaning, and disinfectingGloves Double



Wipe
Deactivate, decontaminate, clean, and disinfect area and equipment after use and between HazDs by wiping twice with Peridox® RTU and allow a 3-minute dwell time after the second wipe. Follow wiping with 70% Isopropyl Alcohol.

Injectable Sterile Preparation - Group 2 & 3 (OH)
HandlingGloves
(ASTM D6978)
Gown
(Fluid resistant, ASTM rated)
Shoe Covers
(white polyethylene)
Mask
(N95)
Eye/FaceHood/CabinetCSTDNotes/Instructions
Preparation/Compounding
in Pharmacy (manipulation)
Gloves Double
(outer layer should be sterile)
GownShoe CoversMask Surgical


Laminar Air Flow Hood
  • When available, sterile compounding in a C-PEC utilizing aseptic technique.
  • In the absence of a C-PEC, Group 2 & 3 HazDs may be compounded in a PEC, preferably at the end of the shift on a disposable chemo prep pad.
  • A disposable chemo prep pad may be used when compounding within a C-PEC (BSC/CACI), however one MUST be used when compounding within a PEC (LFWB/CACI).
  • Tubing for HazD sterile products should be primed in the pharmacy with the primary fluid, with the exception of HazDs that, according to their AoR, do not have to be primed, and titratable HazDs that should be primed with active drug.
DecontaminatingGloves DoubleGownShoe Covers
MaskGoggles

Decontaminate finished product prior to removing from the C-PEC (Best Practice)

  • At the conclusion of compounding/manipulation, doff the outer gloves inside of the C-PEC.
  • Place the gloves into a sealable receptacle or resealable plastic bag (located in the C-PEC) with yellow (chemotherapy, cytotoxic) HazD label or sticker. The receptacle or resealable clear plastic bag will be disposed of as yellow trace RCRA waste.
  • Wipe the finished product with Peridox®RTU followed by sIPA and place on cleanest side of the C-PEC deck.
  • Wipe the inner gloved hands with Peridox®RTU prior to removing finished product form the C-PEC.
  • Remove finished product from the C-PEC, label, and place into a resealable clear plastic bag with yellow (chemotherapy, cytotoxic) HazD labeling or sticker.
  • If additional compounds will be prepared, prior to donning second pair of gloves, sanitize inner gloved hands by applying 70% Isopropyl Alcohol (sIPA), rub gloved hands together, and allow to dry.
Handling SpillsGloves DoubleGownShoe Covers
MaskGogglesSpill Kit Follow instructions on spill kit package
If a spill occurs in a Positive Buffer Room, refer to policy to review procedures for hazardous spill management in the pharmacy, and follow procedure for "Spill Cleanup Outside of the C-PEC and the Ante and Positive Buffer Room".

Group 2 & 3 (OH)
Dosage FormTransport Within PharmacyTransport to Area(s) Within FacilityTransport to Holding Area For Patient Pick-up.
(Retail/Specialty Pharmacies Only)
Transport to Off-site Administration AreasShip Prescription Product to Locations Outside of Entity
(Retail/Specialty Pharmacies Only)
Oral Solid (intact)Gloves Single
Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag or bin to reduce risk of breakage, and facilitate spill containment.
 Gloves SingleTube Ok
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • Pneumatic Tube allowed.
Gloves SingleTube Ok
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • Pneumatic Tube allowed.
Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054 USP 800:  Hazardous Drug (HazD) Transport Ensure that labels and accessory labeling for the HazD include storage, disposal, and HazD category information in a format consistent with carrier's policy.
Oral Solid (manipulated)Gloves Double
Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag or bin to reduce risk of breakage, and facilitate spill containment.
Gloves DoubleDo Not Tube
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed.
Gloves DoubleDo Not Tube
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed.
Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054 USP 800:  Hazardous Drug (HazD) Transport Ensure that labels and accessory labeling for the HazD include storage, disposal, and HazD category information in a format consistent with carrier's policy.
Oral LiquidGloves Double
Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag or bin to reduce risk of breakage, and facilitate spill containment.
Gloves DoubleDo Not Tube
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • The bag must be placed into a hard-sided closable container that reduces the risk of breakage, and facilitates spill containment. 
  • The container must be clearly marked with the appropriate hazardous drug label or sticker.
  • Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054-USP 800: Transport for instructions regarding container and disposal of gloves.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed.
Gloves DoubleDo Not Tube
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • The bag must be placed into a hard-sided closable container that reduces the risk of breakage, and facilitates spill containment.
  • The container must be clearly marked with appropriate
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed.
Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054 USP 800:  Hazardous Drug (HazD) Transport Ensure that labels and accessory labeling for the HazD include storage, disposal, and HazD category information in a format consistent with carrier's policy.
InjectableGloves Double
Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag or bin to reduce risk of breakage, and facilitate spill containment.
Gloves Double
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • If HazD is in liquid form or has been manipulated, resealable plastic bag must be placed into a hard-sided closable container that reduces the risk of breakage, and facilitates spill containment.
  • The container must be clearly marked with the appropriate hazardous drug label or sticker.
  • Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054-USP 800: Transport for instructions regarding container and disposal of gloves.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed for drugs that have been manipulated/compounded into their final dosage form.
Gloves Double
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • If HazD is in liquid form or has been manipulated, resealable plastic bag must be placed into a hard-sided closable container that reduces the risk of breakage, and facilitates spill containment.
  • The container must be clearly marked with appropriate hazardous drug label or sticker.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed for drugs that have been manipulated/compounded into their final dosage form.
Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054 USP 800:  Hazardous Drug (HazD) Transport Ensure that labels and accessory labeling for the HazD include storage, disposal, and HazD category information in a format consistent with carrier's policy.
Topical gel/cream/powder, suppository, vaginal inserts/creams, transdermal, subcutaneous implant.Gloves Double
Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag or bin to reduce risk of breakage, and facilitate spill containment.
Gloves Double
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • If HazD is in liquid form or has been manipulated, resealable plastic bag must be placed into a hard-sided closable container that reduces the risk of breakage, and facilitates spill containment.
  • The container must be clearly marked with appropriate hazardous drug label or sticker.
  • Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.056-USP 800: Transport for instructions regarding container and disposal of gloves.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed for drugs that have been manipulated/compounded into their final dosage form.


Gloves Double
  • Transport in appropriate resealable clear plastic bag with blue HazD labeling or sticker.
  • If HazD is in liquid form or has been manipulated, resealable plastic bag must be placed into a hard-sided closable container that reduces the risk of breakage, and facilitates spill containment.
  • The container must be clearly marked with appropriate hazardous drug label or sticker.
  • Pneumatic Tube NOT allowed for drugs that have been manipulated/compounded into their final dosage form.
Refer to OHS.PHARM.SOP.054 USP 800:  Hazardous Drug (HazD) Transport Ensure that labels and accessory labeling for the HazD include storage, disposal, and HazD category information in a format consistent with carrier's policy.

Ochsner Health Guide for Oral Solid Hazardous Drugs

Ochsner Health Guide for Oral Liquid Hazardous Drugs

Ochsner Health Guide for Injectable Hazardous Drugs

Ochsner Health Guide for (Topical, Suppository, Transdermal Patches, Subcutaneous Implants)Hazardous Drugs


Assessment of Risk:
Dosage FormRisk of ExposurePackagingPharmacyNursingRisk Level
IV solutionMay occur during IV admixing and during administrationVial or IV solutionUtilizing recommended PPE and engineering controls minimizes risk
  • Dispensed as prepared dose
Utilizing recommended PPE minimizes riskMedium


Black Box Warning:

Nephrotoxicity; Neutropenia

PPE Guidelines
Gloves DoubleGownFace ShieldGoggles
MaskPap Respirator
Hair CoverShoe Covers Double
Chemotherapy rated/tested
(tested to ASTM D6978-05 (2013), Standard Practice for Assessment of Resistance of Medical Gloves to Permeation by Chemotherapy Drugs)
Disposable
  • must not be reused
Should be worn in situations where eye, mouth, or nasal splashing is possible (i.e., during a bladder instillation of a hazardous drug)Goggles protect the eyes, but not the face, against spraying.Certified N95Powered air purifying respiratorrequired for compounding sterile and nonsterile hazardous drugsrequired for compounding sterile and nonsterile hazardous drugs
Powder-freeShown to resist permeation by hazardous drugs
  • material: polyethylene-coated polypropylene or other laminate materials
N95 offers no protection against gases and vapors.For events such as large spills when an IV bag breaks or a line disconnects and leaks, or where there is known or suspected airborne exposure to vapors or gasesDouble booties required for HD preparation areas, top layer is doffed before exiting the HD buffer room.
Inspect for visible defectsMust close in the back
(no open front)
Surgical masks do NOT provide respiratory protection from drug exposureHazardous drugs with potential to vaporize at room temperature:
• Carmustine
• Cisplatin
•Cyclophosphamide
• Etoposide
• 5-Fluorouracil
• lfosfamide
• Thiotepa
Double gloving is recommended for all activities involving hazardous drugs except for handling intact, unit-dose oral agents, when one pair of chemotherapy-tested gloves is acceptableLong sleeves with closed cuffs that are elastic or knit
When wearing double gloves, tuck the cuff of the inner glove under the gown sleeve and the cuff of the outer glove over the gown sleeve.No seams or closures that could allow hazardous drugs to pass through
During medication manipulation/compounding the outer layer should be sterileIn preparation areas gowns should be changed every 2-3 hours or immediately after a spill or splash
Change gloves every 30 minutes unless permeation testing has noted shorter time limits
  • change gloves immediately if damaged or contaminated
Gowns worn in hazardous drug handling areas must NOT be worn to other areas


Sequence for Donning & Doffing PPE

References: Oncology Nursing Society, NIOSH

Mechanism of Action:

Cidofovir acts through the selective inhibition of viral DNA polymerase.Biochemical data support selective inhibition of CMV DNA polymerase by cidofovir diphosphate, the active intracellular metabolite of cidofovir. Cidofovir diphosphate inhibits herpesvirus polymerases at concentrations that are 8- to 600-fold lower than those needed to inhibit human cellular DNA polymerase alpha, beta, and gamma(1,2,3). Incorporation of cidofovir into the growing viral DNA chain results in reductions in the rate of viral DNA synthesis.

Reference: Drug Bank

Exposure Risk:
  • Causes skin irritation.
  • Suspected of causing genetic defects.
  • Suspected of causing cancer.
  • Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child.

Reference: SDS - Cayman Chemical

Approved on September 12, 2024