phenytoin
PrintTrade Name(s): Dilantin; Phenytoin | |
Group 2: Non-Antineoplastic Hazardous | AHFS Class: Hydantoins |
Activity | Gloves | Gown | Eye/Face | Mask | Notes/Instructions |
Dispensing prepackaged formulations |
| ||||
Counting/Repackaging tablets and capsules | Recommended if pregnant, breast feeding, or trying to conceive | If risk of dust inhalation |
| ||
Repackaging oral liquids | If risk of spill or splash | If risk of inhalation |
|
Formulation | Gloves | Gown | Eye/Face | Mask | Notes/Instructions |
Tablet or capsule - from unit dose package | or Recommended if pregnant, breast feeding, or trying to conceive. |
| |||
Liquid - oral or feeding tube | or Recommended if pregnant, breast feeding, or trying to conceive. | Recommended if pregnant, breast feeding, or trying to conceive. | If potential for splash, vomit or spit up. |
|
Reference: NIOSH 2016, USP <800>
Type of Instance | Gloves | Gown | Mask | Eye/Face | Notes/Instructions |
Receiving undamaged HD shipping container |
| ||||
Receiving damaged HD shipping container | If container must be opened | If container must be opened | If container must be opened |
| |
Spill Cleanup | Large volume | Large volume |
|
Reference: USP <800>
Hazardous Pharmaceutical | Trace Chemo | Biohazardous and Sharps |
1. Non-returnable hazardous, chemo and EPA regulated drugs. (Patient specific prescriptions, partially used blister packs, containers with more than 3% medication remaining) 2. Empty bottles or packaging of P-Listed drugs. (Warfarin, nicotine, epinephrine, nitroglycerin, physostigmine) 3. PPE with visible contamination from hazardous drug. | 1. Waste contaminated through contact with chemotherapeutic agents. (Empty vials, IV bags, syringes and tubing) 2. PPE worn while handling hazardous drugs with NO visible contamination. (Gowns, gloves and masks) 3. Used CSTD devices. | 1. All sharps capable of cutting or piercing the skin. (Needles/syringes, broken ampules, lancets) 2. Items contaminated with blood or other potentially infectious materials. (Tubing, bags or dressings containing blood, contaminated waste from isolation patients) |
Dosage Form | Ship to Institution or Pharmacy | Ship to Locations Outside of ODOC |
Tablets and Capsules |
|
|
Liquid, Topical, and Transdermal |
|
|
PPE | Standards |
Shoe Covers |
|
Gowns |
|
Gloves |
|
Face Shields |
|
Goggles |
|
N95 Masks |
|
Removal and Disposal |
|
Reference: USP <800>
- Harmful if swallowed.
- Suspected of causing cancer.
- May damage fertility or the unborn child.
Reference: SDS - Cayman Chemical
IARC Group 2B
Phenytoin causes a voltage-dependent block of voltage gated sodium channels on the neuronal cell membrane, limiting the spread of seizure activity and reducing seizure propagation. It promotes the efflux of sodium ions from neurons. In doing so, it stabilizes the threshold against hyperexcitability caused by excessive stimulation of environmental changes capable of reducing the membrane sodium gradient. Phenytoin reduces the post-tetanic potentiation at synapses, leading to prevention of cortical seizure foci from detonating adjacent cortical areas.
Reference: Drug Bank